References
Soriano V, Fernandez-Montero JV, de Mendoza C, Benitez-Gutierrez L, Peña JM, Arias A, Barreiro P. Treatment of hepatitis C with new fixed dose combinations. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2017;18:1235–42.
Núnez M, Camino N, Ramos B, Berdún MA, Barreiro P, Losada E, Santos I, Echevarría S, Ocampo A, Miralles C, Arazo P, Martín-Carbonero L, Romero M, García-Samaniego J, Soriano V. Impact of ribavirin exposure on early virological response to hepatitis C therapy in HIV-infected patients with chronic hepatitis C. Antivir Ther. 2005;10:657–62.
Neukam K, Barreiro P, Macías J, Avellón A, Cifuentes C, Martín-Carbonero L, Echevarría JM, Vargas J, Soriano V, Pineda JA. Chronic hepatitis E in HIV patients: rapid progression to cirrhosis and response to oral ribavirin. Clin Infect Dis. 2013;57:465–8.
Rallón NI, Morello J, Labarga P, Benito JM, Rodríguez-Nóvoa S, Vispo E, Barreiro P, Castro MÁ, Aguirrebengoa K, Pineda JA, Miralles P, Tellez MJ, Portu J, Miralles C, Ocampo A, Soriano V, Peginterferon Ribavirin Coinfection (PERICO) Team. Impact of inosine triphosphatase gene variants on the risk of anemia in HIV/hepatitis C virus-coinfected patients treated for chronic hepatitis C. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;53:1291–5.
Asselah T, Zeuzem S, Soriano V, Bronowicki JP, Lohse A, Müllhaupt B, Schuchmann M, Bourlière M, Buti M, Roberts S, Gane E, Stern J, Voss F, Baum P, Gallivan JP, Böcher W, Mensa F. ITPA genotypes predict anemia but do not affect virological response with interferon-free faldaprevir, deleobuvir, and ribavirin for HCV infection. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0144004.
Naggie S, Rallon NI, Benito JM, Morello J, Rodriguez-Novoa S, Clark P, Thompson A, Shianna K, Vispo E, McHutchison J, Goldstein D, Soriano V. Variants in the ITPA gene protect against ribavirin-induced hemolytic anemia in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients with all HCV genotypes. J Infect Dis. 2012;205:376–83.
Esposito I, Benítez-Gutiérrez L, Treviño A, Arias A, Citores MJ, Requena S, Soriano V, Cuervas-Mons V, de Mendoza C. Impact of ITPA gene polymorphisms on the risk of ribavirin-induced haemolytic anaemia using interferon-free antivirals for chronic hepatitis C. Antivir Ther. 2017. doi:10.3851/IMP3138 (Epub ahead of print).
Maddrey W. Safety of combination interferon alfa-2b/ribavirin therapy in chronic hepatitis C-relapsed and treatment-naive patients. Semin Liver Dis. 1999;19(Suppl. 1):67–75.
Mishkin D, Deschênes M. Conception soon after discontinuing interferon/ribavirin therapy: a successful outcome. Am J Gastroenterol. 2001;96:2285–6.
Sinclair S, Jones J, Miller R, Greene M, Kwo P, Maddrey W. The Ribavirin Pregnancy Registry: an interim analysis of potential teratogenicity at the mid-point of enrollment. Drug Saf. 2017. doi:10.1007/s40264-017-0566-6 (Epub ahead of print).
Hegenbarth K, Maurer U, Kroisel PM, Fickert P, Trauner M, Stauber R. No evidence for mutagenic effects of ribavirin: report of two normal pregnancies. Am J Gastroenterol. 2001;96:2286–7.
Bianca S, Ettore G. Male periconceptional ribavirin-interferon alpha-2b exposure with no adverse fetal effects. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2003;67:77–8.
De Santis M, Carducci B, Cavaliere AF, De Santis L, Lucchese A, Straface G, Caruso A. Paternal exposure to ribavirin: pregnancy and neonatal outcome. Antivir Ther. 2003;8:73–5.
Rezvani M, Koren G. Pregnancy outcome after exposure to injectable ribavirin during embryogenesis. Reprod Toxicol. 2006;21:113–5.
Labarga P, Pinilla J, Cachorro I, Ruiz Y. Infant of 22 months of age with no anomalies born from a HCV- and HIV-infected mother under treatment with pegylated interferon, ribavirin and antiretroviral therapy during the first 16 weeks of pregnancy. Reprod Toxicol. 2007;24:414–6.
Vargesson N. Thalidomide-induced teratogenesis: history and mechanisms. Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today. 2015;105:140–56.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Funding
No sources of funding were used to assist in the preparation of this commentary.
Conflict of interest
Vicente V. Soriano has previously received speaker fees from Gilead, AbbVie, Merck, Roche, and Janssen. Pablo Barreiro has no conflicts of interest directly relevant to the content of this commentary.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Soriano, V., Barreiro, P. Is Ribavirin Teratogenic in Humans? No Evidence So Far. Drug Saf 40, 1163–1165 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40264-017-0597-z
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40264-017-0597-z